I-Bioplastics yizinto zepulasitiki ezenziwe nge-biomass esikhundleni sikawoyela ongahluziwe negesi yemvelo.Zinobungani bemvelo kodwa zivame ukungahlali isikhathi eside futhi ziguquguquke kunepulasitiki yendabuko.Aphinde azinze uma evezwe ukushisa.
Ngenhlanhla, ososayensi baseNyuvesi yase-Akron (UA) bathole isisombululo salokhu kushiyeka kokugcina ngokudlulela ngalé kwamakhono e-bioplastics.Ukuthuthukiswa kwabo kungaba negalelo elikhulu ekusimameni kwamapulasitiki esikhathini esizayo.
U-Shi-Qing Wang, ilebhu ye-PhD e-UA, uthuthukisa amasu asebenzayo okuguqula ama-polymer aphuka abe izinto eziqinile nezivumelana nezimo.Ukuthuthukiswa kwakamuva kweqembu kuyisibonelo senkomishi ye-polylactic acid (PLA) enamandla kakhulu, ebonisa ngale, futhi engeke inciphe noma yonakale lapho igcwele amanzi abilayo.
Ipulasitiki isiyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwethu kwansuku zonke, kodwa iningi layo alikwazi ukuphinda lisetshenziswe futhi ngenxa yalokho linqwabelana ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu.Ezinye izindlela ezithembisayo ezibolayo/ezivundisiwe njenge-PLA ngokuvamile azinamandla ngokwanele ukufaka amapholymeri asekelwe kuphethiloli wendabuko njenge-polyethylene terephthalate (PET) ngoba lezi zinto ezisimeme zinobuthi kakhulu.
I-PLA iwuhlobo oludumile lwe-bioplastic esetshenziswa emaphaketheni nasezitsheni ngoba ishibhile ukuyikhiqiza.Ngaphambi kokuthi ilebhu kaWang yenze lokhu, ukusetshenziswa kwe-PLA bekunomkhawulo ngoba ibingakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu.Kungakho lolu cwaningo lungaba impumelelo emakethe ye-PLA.
UDkt. Ramani Narayan, usosayensi odumile we-bioplastics kanye noprofesa osekhulile e-Michigan State University, uthe:
I-PLA iyipolymer ehamba phambili emhlabeni ngo-100% ebolayo futhi evundise ngokugcwele.Kodwa inamandla omthelela ophansi kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphansi lokuhlanekezela.Iyathamba futhi ibhidlike ngokwesakhiwo cishe ku-140 degrees F, iyenze ingafaneleki ezinhlotsheni eziningi zokupakishwa kokudla okushisayo neziqukathi ezilahlwayo.Ucwaningo lukaDkt. Wang kungaba ubuchwepheshe obuyimpumelelo ngoba inkomishi yakhe ye-PLA ye-prototype iqinile, isobala, futhi iyakwazi ukubamba amanzi abilayo.
Ithimba liphinde lacabanga kabusha ngesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi sepulasitiki ye-PLA ezingeni lamangqamuzana ukuze kuzuzwe ukumelana nokushisa kanye ne-ductility.Le nto yenziwe ngama-molecule eketango ahlanganiswe njenge-spaghetti, ahlanganiswe namanye.Ukuze kube i-thermoplastic eqinile, abacwaningi kwakudingeka baqinisekise ukuthi i-crystallization ayiphazamisi isakhiwo se-weave.Uhumusha lokhu njengethuba lokucosha wonke ama-noodle ngesikhathi esisodwa ngezinti, kunokuba ama-noodle ambalwa ashelele asuse amanye.
Isibonelo sabo senkomishi yepulasitiki ye-PLA singabamba amanzi ngaphandle kokubola, ukuncipha noma ukungaboni kahle.Lezi zinkomishi zingasetshenziswa njengendlela evumelana nemvelo esikhundleni sekhofi noma itiye.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-08-2023