Izikhwama zepulasitiki zihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili.Enye iwukubola izikhwama zokuthenga.Kuyisikhwama sokuthenga esihambisana nemvelo futhi asibangeli noma yikuphi ukungcola kanye nokulimala kwemvelo.Izikhwama zokuthenga.Ngenxa yokuthi izikhwama zepulasitiki ezingaboli zizodala umonakalo omkhulu emvelweni, abantu sebencamela ukusebenzisa izikhwama zokuthenga ezonakele.Ngokubaluleka okwandayo ekuvikelweni kwemvelo, izikhwama zepulasitiki ezisetshenziswa kuzo zibangele izinkinga ezinkulu kanye nemithwalo emvelweni.Isidingo sokucekelwa phansi kwezikhwama zepulasitiki esikhathini esizayo sizoqhubeka nokwanda.
Ipulasitiki ewohlokayo, eyaziwa nangokuthi ipulasitiki yokucekelwa phansi kwemvelo, isho ipulasitiki enezela inani elithile lezithasiselo enqubweni yokukhiqiza ukuze kuncishiswe ukuzinza kwayo, futhi kulula ukucekela phansi endaweni yemvelo.Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinto ezingangena esikhundleni sepulasitiki ye-PE yendabuko ziyavela, kufaka phakathi i-PLA, i-PHAS, i-PBA, i-PBS nezinye izinto ze-polymer.Zombili zingashintsha izikhwama zepulasitiki ze-PE zendabuko.Izikhwama zepulasitiki ezingcolisa imvelo zisetshenziswa kakhulu njengamanje: izindawo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zihlanganisa umhlaba wezolimo, izikhwama zepulasitiki ezihlukahlukene zokupakisha, izikhwama zikadoti, izikhwama zezitolo zezitolo, kanye nezitsha zokudla ezilahlwayo.
Ipulasitiki ebolayo isho amapulasitiki adala ukucekelwa phansi ngeqhaza lama-microorganisms afana namagciwane, isikhunta (isikhunta) kanye nolwelwe olukhona emvelweni.Ipulasitiki ekahle ebolayo iyingxenye yezinto eziphakeme zamangqamuzana ezingaboliswa ngokuphelele amagciwane emvelo ngemva kokulahlwa, zingaboliswa ngokuphelele ama-microorganisms emvelo, futhi ekugcineni zibe ezingaphili."Iphepha" liyi-biodegradable material ejwayelekile, futhi "ipulasitiki yokwenziwa" iyinto evamile ye-polymer.Ngakho-ke, ipulasitiki ye-biodegradable iyimpahla ye-polymer enemvelo "yephepha" kanye "nepulasitiki yokwenziwa".Ipulasitiki ebolayo ingahlukaniswa ibe izinhlobo ezimbili: ipulasitiki ephelele engabolayo kanye nepulasitiki ecekela phansi ebolayo
Ipulasitiki ebolayo yezinto eziphilayo: Ukucekela phansi ipulasitiki ebolayo okwamanje ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa ukuguqulwa kwesitashi (noma ukugcwalisa) i-polyethylene PE, i-polypropylene PP, i-polyvinyl chloride PVC, i-polystyrene PS, njll.
Ipulasitiki ephelele ebolayo: Ipulasitiki ephelele ebolayo yenziwa ikakhulukazi ama-polymers emvelo (njengesitashi, i-cellulose, i-chitin) noma imikhiqizo yezolimo neseceleni.I-Polyester, i-polystrackic acid, isitashi/i-polyvinyl alcohol.
Ukulungiswa kabusha kwezinto zokusetshenziswa zezikhwama zokuthenga
Isikhwama sepulasitiki esibolayo sibizwa nangokuthi izikhwama zokuthenga ezibolayo.Isebenzisa isitashi sezitshalo nofulawa wommbila, njll. Yenziwe ngezinto ezikhishwe ezitshalweni.Lezi zinto zokusetshenziswa ngeke zidale noma yimuphi umonakalo emzimbeni womuntu kanye nemvelo.
Ingelashwa endaweni enezikhwama zokuthenga ezonakele.Kuthatha isikhashana nje kuphela ukucekelwa phansi kube yizinhlayiya zebhayoloji bese umuncwa umhlabathi.Isikhwama sepulasitiki esibolayo asigcini nje ngokuba nomthelela emvelweni, kodwa futhi singaba umanyolo wezitshalo nezitshalo, sikhuthaze ukukhula kwezitshalo.
Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwezikhwama zokuthenga ezonakele manje sekudumile, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwezikhwama zokuthenga ezingaboliyo nakho kuncipha kancane kancane.Izikhwama zokuthenga ezingonakaliswanga zizodala umonakalo omkhulu empilweni yomuntu kanye nendawo ezungezile.
Ukulimala kwezikhwama zokuthenga ezingaboli
Okuhlobene nezikhwama zokuthenga ezonakele izikhwama zokuthenga ezingaboli.Eqinisweni, izikhwama ezivamile zokuthenga nazo zingase zicekelwe phansi, kodwa ziye zachithwa isikhathi eside iminyaka engamakhulu amabili.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwezikhwama zepulasitiki emphakathini wesintu kukhulu kakhulu.Uma usebenzisa izikhwama zepulasitiki ezingenakususwa, zizokwenza isimo semvelo somhlaba sibe sibi nakakhulu.
Abantu abanayo indlela enhle yokugaya kabusha udoti wezikhwama zokuthenga, kungaba ukushiswa noma ukulahlwa.Azikho izikhwama zokuthenga ezonakele ezizophazamisa imvelo kungakhathalekile ukuthi iyiphi indlela.Isibonelo, ukushiswa kuzokhipha iphunga elibi futhi kukhiqize inani elikhulu lomlotha omnyama;uma ulashwa ngokulahlwa, umhlaba uzothatha amakhulu eminyaka ukubola isikhwama sepulasitiki.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-08-2022